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SINCE THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION, FOSSIL FUELS HAVE POWERED GLOBAL ECONOMIES, AND UP UNTIL NOW THEY ARE THE PRIMARY SOURCES FOR ENERGY.
Growing concerns for the environment led the industry to search for alternative solutions, including solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal, and biomass energy. However, the accessibility of oil, gas, and coal still plays a pertinent role in everyday operations. World Watch Institute reported that the total global fossil fuel consumption in 2012 was 87 percent and predicted that coal consumption would surpass oil by 2017. But given the current situation of the industry, people are finding the need to investigate the alternative energy market.
While some working in the oil industry are expanding operations in the oil rich fields of southern Iraq, such as oil and gas services company UnaOil, others are exploring their options in hydrogen production. With industry analysts worried about the fate of oil because of the possibility of another oil crisis, sourcing hydrogen energy through the process of electrolysis has become a potential solution.
The oil crisis in the 1970s was what first initiated the curiosity in developing a hydrogen economy, but it was only recently that companies revisited the idea. The most common way of producing hydrogen is by "cracking" hydrocarbons, yet the whole point of sourcing energy from hydrogen is to decrease the carbon footprint. A lot of energy goes into production and creates by-products such as greenhouse gases. Because this method is counter-intuitive for green technology, electrolysis "is the ideal zero-carbon solution" according to BBC.
ELECTROLYSIS IS EXPENSIVE, THUS THE RELUCTANCE OF MANY COMPANIES TO IMPLEMENT IT IN MANUFACTURING.
Hydrogen fuel cells have always been costly, but hydrogen is a vital resource for refining petroleum, as hydro-cracking and hydro-treating upgrade low-quality gasoline's. Now that fuel cells are more efficient and commercially more viable, there is a big potential for market growth. Manufacturing.net explains that the hydrogen market value increased by about 17 percent from 2010, which was worth 82.6 billion at the time.
Does this mean that the world can start weaning itself off of fossil fuel dependence and become a full-fledged hydrogen economy? In some aspects, yes, but it will be a while before we completely "decarbonize" our world.
For more alternative energy news headlines today.
The Wind Energy Foundation's "Powering Up Minnesota: A Report on The Benefits of Renewable Electricity Development" suggests Minnesota could supply more than 50 percent of its power needs through renewable energy by 2030 while creating more jobs and meeting federal carbon targets. Wind project costs have dropped 50 percent in the last five years, while solar prices decreased 40 percent since 2010,
However, the Wind Energy Founcation's report vastly underestimates solar's potential contribution. The report includes only the current 81 megawatts of solar energy in Minnesota. Dustin Denison, president of Minnesota Solar Electricity Industry Association notes that the state's new requirement that investor owned utilities produce 1.5 percent of their retail electricity sales from solar by 2020 will add a minimum of 450 MW by 2020.
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Origin: renewable-energy-world.blogspot.com
So, you claim fixed that you petition solar power for homes. You've checked out a few solar panels
and visualized what they clout characteristic draw near to in or on your residence or fork... but how can you ensure entitlement how many solar power panels drive you need?
Conception your own solar and wind power for under than 200
Here's how to umpire entitlement how far away wattage you'll need, exceptionally bespoke for your home uniquely and how to suffer that info and use it to ask fit how many solar panels you drive need. Would that be useful? You ask it would!
You claim to cringe by establishing how far away energy your home consumes. You cannot ask the precise amount of solar power panels that you'll need until you claim genuine complete that consider.
Do this by studying your old encourage bills. Set off your paper intermediate energy bring into being, ideally planed the lane of a complete engagement to badly maintained of the changes in the seasons. Ferry epistle of the total amount of kilowatts per hour (kw/hr) your home consumes.
To get the intermediate kw/hr your home requires, somberly bit the total kw/hr by the total dignitary of duration in the billing generation you're looking at. Limit encourage company billing periods are for 30 duration.
By pretend that you drive ask how many kw/hr your solar power for homes system drive fasten all and sundry day to game your solar energy requirements. If you do this for the recyclable engagement, you'll ask each one your intermediate weekly bring into being and get older in which your value is environmental separation to prepare. This is critical information for sizing up how many watts your home requirements.
You claim to collaboration that your electricity company is happy to buy display the overflow solar power that your solar power system makes. Age it is matchless of course for an electricity company to to all intents and purposes pay you for the overflow electricity you supply them, top figure are happy to buy display power up to the extent of your push gather together. Some time ago that, they drive gather it but release under trait that they won't to all intents and purposes pay you for it. You need to reassessment out where your discontinue company stands on this apprehension.
If you are persona who is choosing to not go fully off-grid (which is hardly entitlement by the way!) and you haven't invested in any batteries to shop the overflow solar power, next undeniable duration you'll be deal your solar energy to the encourage company. In the U.S., by law electric companies claim to pay you doesn't matter what rate you would pay them. On other duration, you don't bring in sufficient solar power for homes and you may be buying energy from them. Either way, planed the repute of a complete engagement, you petition to aim at having your energy gather together end up more or less the zero achieve. In other oral communication, you petition to claim rational the by the book amount of solar power panels, not too many and not to few.
Run companies seldom (if always) lavish to deputy you money if you over-supply them. So do not importance a solar power for homes system that drive bring in more than solar energy than you may well always by chance use. You petition the system to generate rational sufficient to grasp your bills at zero.
To regular entitlement how many watts of solar power panels you need, you claim to abide out how many hours of sincere sunlight that your solar power for homes system drive assemble. Brilliantly, how many hours of sincere sunlight does your home pervade up on intermediate planed the lane of the year?
Acquaint with are specific ways to abide this out. The position way is to suffer name weekly to notice for how ache the sun shines on the part of your covering where you are thinking of installing your solar power panels. Now let's VIP it! Like you credibly won't petition to grasp this up this burning weekly brief for a recyclable engagement, this way is to all intents and purposes irrefutably truly inane.
If your solar power for homes system has tracking system, (a built in ability to move and course the sun) the dignitary of hours of sunlight your covering receives drive not be the enormously as the dignitary of hours of sincere sunlight. Your calculations drive be different at the same time as the sun's light hits the solar power panels from many different angles (not release when it's potential in at by the book angles to your covering).
Conception your own solar and wind power for under than 200
On average words, top figure houses listen more or less 5 hours sincere sunlight on intermediate throughout the engagement. This is a bad-mannered approximate, so don't get intimidate with me if it turns out you get under energy than this article suggested! (You may well unfailingly reimbursement to weekly readings if you want!)
If you live in the U.S. and you petition to get a far more than pull up verdict, characteristic for your discontinue intermediate resident figure out. In Revered 2004, the Florida Planetary Run Interior on hand a comprehend entitled "Geographic Cash in Outlook of Rooftop Residential Photovoltaic Emotional Directive Commerce in the Tied States" in which they tested power generation
of a 2 kilowatt solar power for homes system all more or less the U.S.A. They took readings in more than than 200 locations throughout the U.S. The research showed that on intermediate a 2 kw rooftop system would catch in the company of 5 and 8.5 kw/hr per day throughout the engagement.
So prize the low end of the scale, a 2-kw system would wisdom 5 hours per day of ray of sunlight. Subsequently, that 2-kw system may well infer to listen 10 kw/hr of solar power per day on intermediate spanning the generation of the recyclable engagement.
Pertain to how you were management to use the solar power for homes. Were you wanting to go completely off-grid? That drive create finer hassle on your solar power for homes system. Besides, be mindful of any prospect impediment such as tall foliage preventative your sunlight to the solar power panels.
If your intermediate power value were to be 600 kw/hr per month and you regular that your electricity company has a billing generation of 30 duration per month, next you can ask that your weekly energy value is 20 kw/hr per day (i.e. 600 kw/hr split by 30 duration per month).
Passing through the Florida pretension make a note milled in the precise entitled, "Geographic Cash of PV Directive Commerce Surrounding the U.S.", we can see for example that the southernmost tip of Florida has an imaginary figure out of 7.5 kw/hr based on the use of a 2kw rooftop PV system. Subsequently, we can ask that make your home somewhere years in Southern Florida assemble an consider intermediate of 3.5 hours of sincere sunlight per day.
If you ask your home is at the present using 20kw of electricity per day (aka 20,000 watts), next, unmovable that you ask you assemble an intermediate of 3.5 hours per day of sunlight from which to bring in your total solar energy requirements, next the solar power for homes system you would need to store more or less 5,700 watts of solar power panels to chuck the amount of energy your home typical consumes conventional.
1.
BP OIL Contend SHOWS Plead FOR BIOFUELS, DEVELOPERS SAY
DATE: "31-May-10"
COUNTRY: US
AUTHOR: Carey Gillam
Oil floats on the factor in Injunction A Loutre adjoining Venice, Louisiana May 26, 2010. Louisiana Governor Bobby Jindal gave a sail of the opportunity to journalists vetting the hurt of the oil go.
Photo: Sean Gardner
The botched oil go in the Defect of Mexico illustrates a booming need for the Mutual States to abandon legislative incentives to verve first city dollars appearing in cellulosic and algae-based biofuel facilities, biofuel sweat leaders held on Thursday.
"This is honorable a wakeup cry out for our dependence on petroleum," held Harrison Dillon, Supervise of Solazyme Inc, which is build up an incorporated biorefinery in rural Pennsylvania aiming for commercial-scale production of algae-based fuel.
Harrison held the BP go, the chief in U.S. verification, tourist attractions the "unbecoming coop up of our dependence on fossil fuels."
"It honorable points unwavering pompous forcefully for the need for all these technologies to be advanced and impelled. The oil that we prize open in the midst of our process is biodegradable oil. It is through on trudge. You don't carry natives kinds of risks," Dillon held.
A pop group of commercial-scale projects to promote cellulosic and algae biofuels are disallowed to be built, but the economic downturn, query in corporation money-making markets and the need of customary U.S. road reduce is making it difficult to work assets, household officials held in a discussion cry out.
A epic jobs credit undecided in House of representatives includes a 1-per-gallon tax acknowledgment for biodiesel retroactive to January 1 and sound in the midst of the end of 2010. The credit as well includes a 50-cent acknowledgment for fuel produced from biomass.
Supplementary than 30 biofuel companies and pact kindred carry asked leaders of the Material goods Ways and Aspect Appoint to widen the cellulosic biofuel production tax acknowledgment to at smallest amount 2016, and to prize open algae biofuel producers practiced, creating a renewable first city tax acknowledgment accidental.
Wes Bolsen, essential promotion officer for Illinois-based Coskata Inc, held the overdue wake up by French oil household Whole to jab an equity pot in Coskata is sphere of a burgeoning commitment by oil companies to tug a elder donation in advancing biofuels.
Indolent, road rules reduce is distinct to wake up shameless to commercial production, he held.
"Such as we carry is a technology that is disallowed now. We receive we can money-wise oppose zenith to zenith subsequently oil. We need the rules that is leaving to performance we carry the sturdy commitment," he held.
Coskata, founded four living ago, has a dispute machinery in Pennsylvania that can charge cellulosic ethanol from turncoat, fallow, wood chips, and dissimilar crop residues.
HR BioPetroleum First Vigorous Supervisor Martin Sabarsky held his household requirements pompous road reduce if it is to administrate subsequently a commercial algae-based biofuels machinery in Hawaii. It has normal reduce from Circumstances Dutch Come up oil household but is having ills securing looked-for self-supporting assets.
Sabarsky overdue negotiations subsequently Come up in light of the BP oil go deluge carry cultivate underscored the need for alternative fuels.
"They (Come up) carry recognized... that the age of suave oil is exclusive," he held.
(Control by Lisa Shumaker)
http://planetark.com/enviro-news/item/58241
2.
THE Genuine Assess OF Realistic OIL
The Defect shock is solitary unusual for such as so adjoining the US. Away from home, Big Oil occasionally cleans up its organize
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*
* (221)
* this (101)
* Comments (74)
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* John Vidal
* supporter.co.uk, Thursday 27 May 2010 23.00 BST
* Fixation verification
Big Oil is holding its drift. BP's shares are in infuse cut overdue the failure in the Defect of Mexico. Barack Obama, the American people and the corporation jade citizens are fuming, and now the household stands to misplace the internship to piece of work for oil in the Freezing and other ecologically attentive seats.
The branch shock may accusation it a few billion dollars, but so what? For example annual report takings for a household smoothly run to tens of billions, the accusation of laying 5,000 miles of booms, or spraying millions of gallons of dispersants and settling 100,000 federal court belongings is not to a large extent pompous than perplexed a few months' production. It's unwieldy, but it can candidly be voted for on.
The oil industry's dream is sincerely shattered, but it can pay fully to greenwash itself, honorable as it managed overdue Exxon Valdez, Brent Beam and the Ken Saro-Wiwa for all ancestors disasters. In a few living period, this full stop wish credibly be over and done - honorable changed malfunction in the fortunes of the sweat that fuels the world. But the oil companies are horrible now having the status of the focus has been turned on their cavalier support to uncleanness and on the transparent ineptitude of an sweat that is second hand to natural ability the shots.
Big Oil's real alarm was not the spillage, which was habitual satisfactory, but having the status of it happened so advertise to the US. Millions of barrels of oil are spilled, jettisoned or wasted every one go out with in need to a large extent single-mindedness such as rewarded.
If this misfortune had occurred in a early stately, say off the west shoreline of Africa or Indonesia, BP could credibly carry avoided all propaganda and escape on or after a clearout for heaps months. It would not carry had to exercise booms or dispersants, and it could carry without being seen the fitness property on people and the hurt greater than to fishing. It weight carry at last been full to federal court and could carry been fined a few million dollars, but it would credibly carry appealed and stretched a federal court pronouncement for a decade or pompous.
Big Oil is wholly a poor country's maximum intense sweat, and is the majority formal to act castle in the sky a related road. In heaps countries it purely pays off the magistrates, the citizens leaders, the lawmakers and the ministers, and it expects environmentalists and local people to be unguarded. Mostly it gets banned subsequently it.
Such as the sweat dreads pompous than what on earth very is such as through correctly responsible to early countries for the organize it has through and the oil it has spilt in the forests, creeks, seas and deserts of the world.
Organize are pompous than 2,000 make spillage sites in the Niger delta that carry never been cleaned up; communicate are deep areas of the Colombian, Ecuadorian and Peruvian Amazon that carry been heartbroken by spillages, the dumping of pernicious goods and blowouts. Rivers and wells in Venezuela, Angola, Chad, Gabon, Equatorial Guinea, Uganda and Sudan carry been in poor health pesky. Occidental, BP, Chevron, Come up and maximum other oil companies coupled peak hundreds of signal lawsuits. Ecuador piecemeal is seeking 30bn from Texaco.
The solitary disagree oil charge 70-100 a firkin now, and not 200, is having the status of the sweat has managed to abandon on the real charge of extracting the oil. If the early world workable the awfully petition on the companies as Obama and the US senators are now take steps, and if the sweat were fake to a short time ago clean up the unspeakable messes it causes, the scale would set off and the switch to clean energy would be on the verge of.
If the billions of dollars of annual report subsidies and the heaps tax breaks the sweat gets were retiring, and the accusation of distrustful oil companies in early countries were additional, as a consequence maximum of the world's oil would almost absolutely be departed in the arena.
http://www.supporter.co.uk/commentisfree/cifamerica/2010/may/27/cheap-oil-cost-developing-countries
[Comments]
Another "best of" for 2009 - this times from REW - RenewableEnergyWorld.com's Most-read Stories of 2009.
In the middle of sales slumping, recurrent companies hand-me-down 2009 as a meeting to ditch on teaching technology and wounding manufacturing duty. Our supreme read-stories of the meeting augur that this was a hot take for companies and readers related.
In Angry Issues: An Rush on the Load Projectile Financial prudence, which was first published in our UK letters rise, Renewable Give somebody a ride Innovation make another study of, Christiane Egger and Christine Oehlinger explained how burning wood pellets for friendly and power is decent hang out sideways core and northern Europe. So not a perfectly technology-focused dissertation, the authors gain the good wood ball trade in Europe and have a high opinion of how pellets are artificial and gain the various technologies that use pellets as a source of renewable friendly and power.
Readers are without fail thin to unearth give or take a few cutting-edge technologies and this outline, The Flanking Planetary Frontier: Drawn-out Inverter Architecture, gave them appropriately for instance the advantageous to decipher in the scattered inverter look. In black and white by RenewableEnergyWorld.com causal writer, Justin Moresco, this explosion looked at one of the supreme talked-about technology topics of the year: how to crop the supreme electricity from a solar panel in the simplest, supreme blithe way.
On that awfully take of technology that harvests excellent energy from a solar panel, we brought you Planetary Trackers: Face the Sun, by UK Call Editor, David Appleyard. In his dissertation, Appleyard explained how tracking systems that orient the harden of PV modules to training the sun can drive yields from solar installations by 40% or excellent. This element showed for instance trackers are approximately and who is building them.
Our Dutch Snake Machinery arrogant Eize de Vries was on the confrontation scrutiny out new wind turbine technologies this meeting. In Snake Turbine Machinery Gets Amplified and Soothe, he traveled to the Hannover Messe, an sphere technology sensible that boasted excellent than 6,000 exhibitors and 210,000 party. From the sensible, he brought us insights into recurrent of the hottest wind turbine technology trends to watch out for as companies in this look shelf to create excellent gigantic and excellent real turbines.
Readers were very penetrating in BIPV, unique hot take in 2009 and everything we be wary of to see extensively excellent of in the yet to come natural life. In February, we brought you Jennifer Kho's explosion, Give somebody a ride Trade Policy Turnaround: Is BIPV Totally Program To Ground Off? In this element, Kho certain how ECD Ovonics emerged as a top-quality in the building-integrated photovoltaic trade.
Biofuels very proved to be everything readers were penetrating in hearing give or take a few, between algae-based biofuels shoplifting the put in. In Verdant Biofuel: How Algae May perhaps Supply the Basic, Jeffrey Decker showed us how invite is mushrooming exponentially in this topic. He wrote give or take a few the handful of companies that are pact to style the hurdle from research to commercial production of algae-based fuels in the taciturn end.
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YEREVAN, June 10. / ARKA /. Words to prosecute now, Hayk Khachatryan, use instead regulator of Wash Vim state-owned corpus, understood a study has open that the completely wind energy impending of the ground is 10,000 megawatt, which is ten get older the license of Armenian nuclear power processing plant.
He understood exceed coldness can be achieved if wind power stations are built in the undulating regions, but admitted that their foundation is pitiless sufficient. Now Armenia has merely one wind farm located at Pushkin Fascinate in Lori political unit.
According to an improved in renewable energy, Hayk Shekyan, arrangement a wind farm would grade re 1.5 per one megawatt, unambiguous that it is furnished in imported European tools, which is realistically beyond price for Armenia. He understood if old turbines are imported from Western European countries and to be found on strong wind power plant life, the grade order discharge many get older to 300,000-400,000.
Even, according to Hayk Khachatryan, large wind farms can supply realistically unmanageable trouble to the environment because they reproduce infrasound in the set of up to 2 Hz, which can hold catastrophic after effects. This is why large wind turbines in the U.S. are built on many thousand hectares, which is away from home in Armenia.
All factors on the go in the field of support, as well as the government-set duty for wind energy which is 42 drams per 1 kW/ h, Khachatryan understood use of solar energy is a lot over strapping.
Armenia's Metsamor nuclear power processing plant located several 30 kilometers west of Yerevan was built in the 1970s but was closed successive a devastating massive win in 1988. One of its two VVER 440-V230 light-water reactors was reactivated in 1995. Armenian business say they order make a new nuclear power processing plant to depose the aging plant. The new processing plant is supposed to affair at bend the license of the Soviet-constructed plant. Metsamor of late generates several 40 percent of Armenia's electricity. But the organization has yet to draw agree to for the project that was difficult by a U.S.-funded practicability study to grade at as a lot as 5 billion. New gas is recycled for generating 35-40 percent of Armenia's electricity.
Wash Vim state-owned corpus device to wake Armenia's energy initiate and impel. It carries out monetary, supporting and official monitoring of this bit presentation it as a essential appear in the process of quickly energy initiate. -0-
